Quadruplex telegraph system.



J. GOTT. QUADRUPLBX TBLEGRAPH SYSTEM.

, APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1912.

1, 1 09,830. Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

o Q *WMV-4F Munn .Il a li I S INI/8858' f M ,4 TTORNEYS THE MORRIS PFTEJQS C0, FnOTQ-L/THQ, WASI-IINGTUN. Dv C,

- tral or non-v oolarized rela 4the pur aose oi l uNrTnn sTATEs rATENT orrion.

JOHN GOTT, or novi-s., BRIGHTON, ENGLANDQAssIGNOn To coiaivnaiwIALk CABLE COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A cOnrORATioN QENEWKYORK.

QUADRUTL'EX'b TELEGRAH SYSTEM. .y

Quadrunlei; Teleora 3h S fstems, of which" the following is a specification.

'It has ybeen the common practice since the introduction of opiadruplex working on telegraph lines to employ what is called a neuwhich is to give a signal in'the same direction', whatever be the polarity of the signaling current. Theo-reticallyuit'is held to immaterial whether the arriving current from the fdista'nt endl of the line be positive or negative, the relay acting in the same direction for either current. v'Observed from the first, that during the instantfthe sending currents were reversed at the distant end of the line the vnon-polarized relay "would open the contacts and thus break the signal which was being received. This defect in the neutral relay has rendered tit necessary to apply various means and devices for continuing the signal, or to bridge such breaks. The neutral or non-polarized relay has always vbeen the weak side of a quadruplex apparatus and the various ouadly ruplex systems in use diner almost solely in the means for overcoming thisidefect or weakness in the system. y

ltis the object of this invention to entirely dispense with the neutral relay and to substitute' therefor a double, differentially wound polarized relay, andy to so arrange said relay that asignal will be produced without regard tothe polarity of the line current, the coils of said relay responding to the increased current our the line and not being` affected by the weaker vnormal current.

rlhe signal transmitting devices usedfwith this invention may 'be any of the Welllmown forms used in quadruplex apparatus; and the ordinary polarized relay is to be used as it is now arranged in such systems.

i By dispensing with the neutral or nonpolarized relay and substituting therefor the Operation of upony the reversals of the line current, the double polarizedA relay responding only tov theyincreased current, as will be hereinafter described.` By *this means a very positively 'acting apparatus is secured wherein the lt was, however,

Specification of Letters Patent.` y llja'gented Sept. 8, 1914. c Application filed May 9, 191:2. Serial 110.6962162 chattering 'for v breaks in the signals received on the neutral. relay of theold forinof apparatus-is avoided!v The drawing is a diagrammatic y repre?, sentation ofy a -c|uadruplex telegraph system with the invention applied thereto.` y

lReferring to the various parts by numerals, land 2 designate the current generators,

the positive side of 1 and the knegative side of 2 being yconnected to the stops 4 of 'the pole changer 5.y The pole changer is oper# ated through the key (usually'lnown as' the A key or A side)A in the usualmanner to put normal positive ornegrative cur-v rent'to` the line, the armature olf said. poley changery` being connected to theline` in the usual manner.`

The transmitter 7 is arranged in the usual manner "to increase and decrease the current onthe line, said transmitter 'being operated bv the `key 8 (usually called the B lzeyl or B 7 side). The armatures of 1the pole y cliangerand of the transmitter are connected; together by a conductor and in said ekniduc-v` tor is arranged a resistance 10. '11 designates the back stop of the transmitter. The current from the armature of n'ianner in quadruplex apparatusand is'carried througl'i Athe polarized relays, which constitute the receiving instruments in this apparatus, one side going to the main line and the other portio'ngoingto the artificial' line.` They artificial line may be made up in vany desired manner and provided with sey vthe transmitteris split at 13 in the usual V meanswhereby` it maybe balanced with the main line.

The. single polarized relay lilF is responsive in the usual manner to the impulses of normal current sent vby A key through they pole changer at the distant end of theline and operates precisely as in the systems no-w commonly used.

A double polarized relay substituted."

for and takes the placeof the old and well' known neutral relay, kand responds to the increased currentv of both polarities,oner of its coils responding toy current of onepolarity, the other responding to current of opposite polarity. This double relay consists of two coils. 17 and 18 with their armatures 17 and 18. Armaturevl normally rest-S,

against aback contact 177, and armature f 18 normally rests against a. back contact 18. These coils 'are differentially wound,

' back and their windings are so arranged that the armature of the coil 17 will be withdrawn from its back contact when current of tive polarity flows through the said coil; and the coil 18 is wound so that when a current of negative polarity flows therethrough its armature will bedrawn from its back contact 18. It will, ofcourse, be understood that this arrangement of the coils may be reversechif desired. The armature 18 is electrically connected to the back contact 17 and the back contact 18 is electrically connected through a resistance 19 and galvanoineter 2O to a battery 21. The armature 17 is also in circuit with said battery. It is manifest, therefore, that when the armatures of both coils 17 and 18 are against their back contacts the local battery circuit is closed and that when either one of said armatures is withdrawn from its back contact the said circuit is open. A rela-y 22 is arranged in the local circuit in such manner that when the armatures 17 and 18 are against their back contacts, said relay is short circuited; but when the current is opened by either of the said armatures leaving its back contact the circuit will then be sliunted through said relay and a signal will be given. The relay 22 may be arranged to close a circuit for a sounder or other in strument.

The coils 17 and 18 are rendered insensible or unresponsive to the A or normal currents in lany suitable manner, for instance, they may be so wound as to act only when the increased current is used, the sin-V gle polarized relay at all times responding to said A or normal currents. When the B key is held down at the distant end and the A key at the same end makes a reversal of line current the armature of either the relay 17 or 18, whichever is against its back contact, will swing to its front contact,` vand the arma-ture of th-e other relay will leave its front contact and will swingvto its contact. The armature leaving its back contact in response to the reversed cur rent will possibly lag or move more slowly than the other armature in leaving its front contact this-latter beginning its movement the instant the circuit isbroken. It thus might happen that the receiving instrument in theA local circuit controlled by the two coils of the double relay would be short-circuited, Aand the Signal arriving from the vB key interrupted or broken. To provide against this and to insure a simultaneous reversal of the positions of the two armatures of the double polarized relay, I

use a transformer so connected that as the armature of each of the -relays goes over against its front contact it sends a current through the connected primary coil, thereby inducing a current in the secondary coil which coil is joined across theline terminals posif of the two coils of the relay. The action of this induced current is, first, to hold the ai'u lmature of one coil against its back contact and the armature of the other coil against its front contact. Vhen the armature which 1s against its front contact, and which completes the local circuit through the primary coil of the transformer, is released and said circuit is broken, the current induced in the secondary of the transformer tends to reverse the position of the other armature of the double relay, so that the instant of no current in the line from the distant end is bridged over by this induced current and the said armature is tending to respond to the reversed current-before said current is on the line at the distant end. The armature of the second relay is7 therefore, in a condition tov front Contact of relay 17. The other primary winding 24 is similarly connected to the armature 18 of the relay 18 and to the front stop thereof through a resistance 28 and battery 29. rlhe secondary winding is connect ed through a variable resistance to the main line side of the relay coils 17 and 18. High resistance coils 31 are connected to the batteries 27 and 29 and to the transformer. coils and 24 to serve as anti-sparking shunts during the breaking of the circuits between the armatures 17 and 18 and their back contacts.` 4 i It is manifest that when the armature 17 is moved to its front contact the circuit through coil 23 and the battery 27 is complete. This will induce a current inthe secondary coil tending to hold the armature 17 against its front contact and the armature 18 against its back Contact 18. 7 hen the armature 17 leaves its front contact the circuit through the coil 23 will be broken, thereby inducing a current in thesecondary 25 which will tend to swing the armature 18 from its back contact and toward its front Contact. The result is that the armatures are trolled by the double 'polarized relay Would be short circuited, and the arriving signal.

interrupted.r By arranging the transformer coils as described this is effectually pre- Vvented and upon a reversal of current at thedistant end When the fB 'key is down or closed, the armature ofthe relay Which'is take place with respect to each of `the arma-p` tures without regard to which one is againsty its front contact. l It will, of course,

other. It is also manifest thatthe' resistance ofthe secondary coil with thev added'resist- `ance is so high that itdoes Inot interfere the relays on Which it is ragged or indistinct signals from the doublel polarized relay. 'f y i y The operation of theapparatus will be obvious to those'skilledinl theart but 1may be briefiy describedasfollovvs: The single polarized relayre'sponds 'to the operation of the-pole changer or A key of the transinittingapparatus, the doublepolarized `,re-

lay remaining'unresponsive to those 'changes in polarity of the normal line current. Vlien, however, y the transmitter, or the B key of the transmitting apparatus operated the increased'current to the line .Willop- `erate one or theother of vthefvpolarized re lays constituting the B current receiving means, current of one polarity moving the armature of coilV 18 to open the relay shunt and thereby produce `a -signalthroughthe said relay. A current of opposite polarity from the B key of the sending apparatus will operate to ,Withdraw the armature 17.

from its back contact and thereby again4 open the relayy shunt circuit and cause said relay to be operated by the batteryy current.

It Will, therefore, be seen that the ypair of polarized relays of the second orB-side of the apparatus Will respond to currents of both polarities but only Whenthe increased current is on the line through the operation of the B key or transmitter at-,the'dis-L tant end.

It is manifest that the double relay' constitutes a receiving instrument. which is ace tuated by electric currents of opposite pobe; understood that they primary'coils of the transformerareto be y so connected and 'arranged that their influ-f ence on the relaycoils is oppositeto eachk larity, andv that' through `its control of a local circuit containing anordinary relay, reproduces said impulses iii `a-"local circuit 'as impulses of like polarity; AAs used in a jquadruplex system it forms an efiicientsubstitute for tlie'old neutral relay and f' eliminatesialll 'ofthe 'diiiculties inherent in that old form of apparatus* It strengthensI the l n quadruplex system in suchfmanner as to make both sides of the system equal inchici'ency.V y

k From the foregoing fit is manifest that I entirelyavoid vthe 'difficulties and defects iii-` cident to the'useof the ordinary `neutral relay.

structed as shownv and described herein there Will be no breaks" inthe signals from the transmitting device. 1When the B key is Worked alone the contacts of Oiie'relay of the 'double' relay open `and record signals. When the1A key isdepressed and the f B 7 key Worked the A-key relay closes, or goes out of operation, and the signals are received ony thefB receiving relay. If, While'the' B-key is held down to record a dash, forv example, and the A` key is Worked vthe armataires of the coils of the double relay reverse vsimultaneously and there is no-brea'kin the signal.` l y That I claim is: t

It is inanifestlthat with ari-apparatus con-y l. A quadruplex telegraph system fcomprising meansifor transinittingiinpulses ofV currentof opposite polarity, means for in- 4 netic devices adapted'to be operated by the increased current, one of said devices reyspending co-current of one polarity and the other responding to"c'urreiit of opposite pola'rity,4 a signal meansv controlled by bothiof les.

said electro-magnetic devices and means con` trolled-byl said devices for inducing a` current through the coilsthereof vvhentheline current is broken, said induced current being opposite in-polarityr to theinterrupted line current. i i' 5 2. A quadruplex telegraph system comprising means for' transmitting impulses of current of opposite polarity, means for in creasing and decreasing said currents," al

polarized relay responsive tothe reversals of polarity "of theiiorinal current, electromagnetic devices adaptedto be operated by the kincreased current, `one of said. devices respondingto vcurrent of one polarity and the other responding to current of opposite polarity, a signal means controlled by `both yof saidelectro-magneticdevices and a transkformer and circuits therefor varranged to induce a current in the coils of the electromagnetic devices When the line current is broken, said induced current being opposite in polarity to the interruptedline current.

3." A quadruplex telegraph system `comprising means for transmitting -to the line impulses ofv current oit' opposite polarity, means for increasing and decreasing said current, apolarizedrelay responsive to the Ychaijiges in polarity of the normal Working current, a pair `of polarized relaysresponsive to tliegincreased currents, onel of said relays responding. to current of one polarity `and the `other responding to currentof opposite polarity, a signal means controlled by both of said relays wherebyl said signal means Will be operated by 'theincreased current of either polarity, and means controlled by the pair of polarized relays to induce a current through thecoils `thereof when the line current is broken, said induced current being opposite in polarity to the interrupted line current. f* i el. A telegraph system comprising means Allc-r transmitting tothe line impulses of current of opposite polarity, means for increasing and decreasing said current,a pair ofpolarized relays responsive to the increased currents, one of said relays responding'to current oi' one polarity and the other responding` `to current of opposite polarity, andmeans controlled by said pair ot polarized relays to induce a ,current through the coils of said relays when the `vline current is broken. i

A vtelegi'apli system comprising means for transmittino' to the line im uulses of current of opposite polarity, means'for increasing anddecreasing said current, a pair of polarized. relays responsiye to the increased currents, one of said relays responding to current of one polarity and the other responding to current of opposite polarity, and

means controlled by said pair oit polarized tem comprising apair of polarized relays electrically connected. together, an armature for each ot said relays, the windings of said relajfs being opposite in character so that one will ,respond to a current impulse of 'one polarityiand'th'e other will respond `to a current impulse `of opposite polarity, ay

localsignalineans controlled by both of the armatures of the said relays, and means `itor inducing iii the relays When the line current is broken, a current opposite in po'- larity'` to-,the interrupted line current.`

7. A receiving means for a telegraph system comprising a pair of polarized relays` electrically connected together, an armatuie for each oit said relays, the windings of said'relays being oppositein character so that one Will respond to a current impulse of one `polarity and theother Will respond to a current impulse of opposite polarity, a

localv signal means controlled by both of4 8. A receiving means for a telegraph system comprising a pair of polarized relays electrically connected together, an armature for each vof said relays, one of said relays responding to current of one polarity and the other responding tocurrent of opposite polarity,valocal signal means controlled by both of thejarinatures of the said relays, and means for supplying to the relay coils when the line current `is broken a current opposite in polarity to the interrupted line current.

9. A receivingl means for a telegraph system comprising a pair of polarized relays electrically connected together, one of said relays responding to current of one polarity and the other responding to currentof opposite polarity, a local signal means` controlled byboth ot the said relays, and means :tor

supplying to tlierelays when the linecurrent is broken --a local vcurrent opposite` in polarity tothe interrupted line current. y In testimony whereofl l hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JHN GOTT.

Witnesses 1 ViLLiaii Monnier KENT, Josnrri DiiLDiinFi/ELD.

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